Egypt is one of the most populous countries in the world, with its population representing the nation’s most valuable resource and a vital driver of development. According to the latest statistics, Egypt’s population has surpassed 108 million people. Projections by the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) indicate that this figure is expected to reach approximately 160 million by 2072.

In this Factsheet, we spotlight key demographic indicators of the Egyptian population, including gender and age composition, as well as other aspects such as birth and mortality rates.

• At the beginning of 2025, Egypt’s population reached 107.3 million, with males accounting for 51.4% and females representing 48.6% of the total.
• According to the latest CAPMAS data, 31.2% of Egyptians are under 15 years old, 39.9% are between 15 and 39, 23% are between 40 and 64, and 5.9% are aged 65 and above.
• Based on the age structure of the Egyptian population, data showed that the demographic dependency ratio in 2024 stood at 59.8, down slightly from 60.4 in 2023. The demographic dependency ratio measures the sum of the youth and elderly populations (those typically not in the workforce) divided by the working-age population.
• Egypt’s urbanization rate recorded 42.8%, with 45.9 million people living in urban areas and 61.4 million living in rural areas.
• When it comes to the most populous governorates, Cairo came on top with 10.39 million residents, accounting for 9.7% of the country’s total population. Giza followed in second spot with a population of approximately 9.7 million, while Sharkia ranked third with 8.06 million living.
• Total population density increased in 2025 to 106.8 persons per square kilometer (km²), compared to 105.6 persons per km² in 2024.
• In 2024, the average birth rate slightly fell to 2.41 children per woman, compared to 2.54 in 2023. Port Said recorded the lowest birth rate nationwide at 1.54, while Matrouh recorded the highest rate at 4.75.
• The number of live births reached 1.97 million, comprising 51.26% males and 48.73% females. This figure translates to an average of one new birth every 16 seconds, equivalent to about four births per minute, 225 births per hour, and 5,393 births per day.
• Egypt recorded total deaths of 611,421 during 2024. Of these, 53.8% were due to cardiovascular diseases and 8.8% to respiratory diseases.

By: Amina Hussein

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